Which common side effect is associated with opioids?

Opioids are known to significantly affect gastrointestinal motility, leading to one of their most common side effects: constipation. This occurs because opioids act on receptors in the central nervous system and gastrointestinal tract, inhibiting peristalsis and reducing the movement of intestinal contents. As a result, patients taking opioids often experience a slowdown in bowel movement frequency and difficulty in passing stool.

Other side effects associated with opioids, such as nausea, can also occur, but constipation is particularly noteworthy because it is not only frequent but also can be more disruptive to daily life. It often requires additional medications or lifestyle changes to manage effectively, making it a significant concern when treating patients with opioid analgesics. Understanding this common side effect is essential for pharmacy technicians, as it allows them to provide appropriate counseling and suggest preventive measures for patients using opioid medications.